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今天——2017年12月11日，中国加入世贸组织16周年。
16年前的今天，在几代外交官的努力之下，中国终于成为世贸组织 WTO 第143个成员国。此后十几年间，中国快速发展成为全球第二大经济体。
小编依稀记得，中国“入世”之时，铺天盖地的报道着我们与世界接轨。经济发展走出国门的同时，说一口流利的英语也成了中国人与世界接轨的标志。此后的十几年间，随着经济的发展和国家综合实力的提升，中国加入了更多的国际组织。 今天，播种阅读就为大家盘点那些中国加入的重要国际组织，希望英语老师们能够借此扩充学生知识面，提升学生综合素养。与国际接轨同步的砝码终将转交下一代的手中。
世界贸易组织 WTO World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization WTO is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible.
成立于1994年的世界贸易组织WTO是当代最重要的国际经济组织之一，中国于2001年12月11日加该入组织。目前，WTO已 拥有160个成员国，成员国贸易总额达到全球的97%， 有 "经济联合国" 之称。
联合国 The United Nations（ UN）
The United Nations UN is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II in order to prevent another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. The headquarters of the UN is in Manhattan, New York City, and is subject to extraterritoriality.
联合国致力于维护世界和平与安全（maintaining international peace and security）、促进人权（promoting human rights）、促进社会和经济发展（fostering social and economic development）、保护环境（protecting the environment）以及在饥荒、自然灾害和武装冲突发生时提供人道主义援助（providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict）的合作。联合国现在共有193个成员国，总部设立在美国纽约。中国是联合国创始成员国之一。
上海合作组织 Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation SCO is a Eurasian political, economic, and security organisation, the creation of which was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai, China by the leaders of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia,Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan; the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Charter was signed in June 2002 and entered into force on 19 September 2003.
These countries, except for Uzbekistan, had been members of the Shanghai Five group, founded on 26 April 1996 in Shanghai. India and Pakistan joined SCO as full members on 9 June 2017 in Astana, Kazakhstan.
上海合作组织是哈萨克斯坦共和国、中华人民共和国、吉尔吉斯共和国、俄罗斯联邦、塔吉克斯坦共和国、乌兹别克斯坦共和国，六个国家于2001年6月15日在中国上海宣布成立的永久性政府间国际组织（permenant inter governmental international organization）。它的前身是“上海五国”（Shanghai Five）机制。
上海合作组织的宗旨是，加强各成员国之间的相互信任与睦邻友好；鼓励成员国在政治、经贸、科技、文化、教育、能源、交通、旅游、环保及其它领域的有效合作；共同致力于维护和保障地区的和平、安全与稳定；推动建立民主、公正、合理的国际政治经济新秩序。
金砖国家 BRICS
BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as "BRIC" or "the BRICs", before the induction of South Africa in 2010.
The BRICS members are all leading developing or newly industrialized countries, but they are distinguished by their large, sometimes fast growing economies and significant influence on regional affairs; all five are G 20 members.
2001年，美国高盛公司首席经济师吉姆·奥尼尔（Jim O Neill）首次提出“金砖四国（BRIC）”这一概念，特指新兴市场（emerging market）投资代表。“金砖四国”（BRIC）引用了巴西（Brazil）、俄罗斯（Russia）、印度（India）和中国（China）的英文首字母。由于该词与英语单词的砖（Brick）类似，因此被称为“金砖四国”。
2008年 2009年，相关国家举行系列会谈和建立峰会机制，拓展为国际政治实体。2010年南非（South Africa）加入后，其英文单词变为“BRICS”，并改称为“金砖国家”。
二十国集团 The Group of Twenty G20
The G20 or G 20 or Group of Twenty is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from Argentina , Australia, Brazil, Canada China , France, Germany , India , Indonesia , Italy , Japan, Mexico, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, and the European Union.Founded in 1999, the G20 aims to discuss policy pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability. It seeks to address issues that go beyond the responsibilities of any one organization. The G20 heads of government or heads of state have periodically conferred at summits since their initial meeting in 2008, and the group also hosts separate meetings of finance ministers and foreign ministers due to the expansion of its agenda in recent years.
二十国集团由19个国家（阿根廷, 澳大利亚, 巴西, 加拿大, 中国, 法国, 德国, 印度, 印度尼西亚, 意大利, 日本, 韩国, 墨西哥, 俄罗斯, 沙特阿拉伯, 南非, 土耳其, 英国, 美国）和欧盟（the European Union）构成，聚集了世界主要发达和新兴经济体的领导人，共同应对全球经济面临的挑战。为保证二十国集团的讨论能够代表众多国家的利益，每年二十国集团的主席都邀请嘉宾国（guest countries）参加包括领导人峰会在内的本年度会议。
亚太经合组织 Asia Pacific Economic CooperationAPEC
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC is a forum for 21 Pacific Rim member economies that promotes free trade throughout the Asia Pacific region. It was established in 1989 in response to the growing interdependence of Asia Pacific economies and the advent of regional trade blocs in other parts of the world; to defuse fears that highly industrialised Japan a member of G8 would come to dominate economic activity in the Asia Pacific region; and to establish new markets for agricultural products and raw materials beyond Europe.
亚太经合组织（Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation）成立于1989年，由亚太地区21个成员经济体（member economies）组成，成员包括：澳大利亚、 文莱、 加拿大、 智利、 中国、 中国香港、 印度尼西亚、 日本、 韩国、 马来西亚、 墨西哥、 新西兰、 巴布亚新几内亚、 秘鲁）、 菲律宾、 俄罗斯、 新加坡、Chinese Taipei、 泰国、 美国、 越南。
APEC领导人非正式会议每年轮流在各成员经济体举办，大部分领导人非正式会议结束时，与会的首脑都会穿上主办地区的特色服装拍一张全家福（family photo）。
东南亚国家联盟 Association of Southeast Asian NationsASEAN
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a regional intergovernmental organisation comprising ten Southeast Asian states which promotes Pan Asianism and intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic , political, security , military, educational and socio cultural integration amongst its members and Asian states.
Since its formation on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, the organisation s membership has expanded to include Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam.
Its principal aims include accelerating economic growth, social progress, and sociocultural evolution among its members, alongside the protection of regional stability and the provision of a mechanism for member countries to resolve differences peacefully.ASEAN is an official United Nations Observer. Communication by members across nations takes place in English.
东南亚国家联盟，简称东盟，前身是由马来西亚、菲律宾和泰国3国于1961年7月31日在曼谷成立的东南亚联盟。东盟成员国：印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾、新加坡、泰国、文莱、越南、老挝、缅甸和柬埔寨。
东盟的宗旨和目标是本着平等与合作精神，共同促进本地区的经济增长、社会进步和文化发展accelerating economic growth, social progress, and sociocultural evolution among its members，为建立一个繁荣、和平的东南亚国家共同体奠定基础，以促进本地区的和平与稳定
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